Oral health is an integral part of general health and it becomes even more important in pregnancy. Changes in the woman’s body in pregnancy – at both hormonal and physiological level can impact the oral health of a mother. In addition, pregnancy not only affects the oral health of the mother but the developing baby as well. Here in this article let’s explore between oral health and pregnancy.
The impact of Oral Health on Pregnancy
- Gingivitis: In pregnancy, there are increased chances of swelling in the gums and bleeding gums. It is a result of hormonal changes in the woman’s There is an increased level of progesterone which can result in pregnancy gingivitis. It usually occurs in the second trimester and can further progress if left untreated.
- Increased risk of decay: Due to changes in the dietary pattern in pregnancy, the chances of dental decay shoot up manyfold. Also, there can be food regurgitation, vomiting which can cause the acid from the stomach back into the oral cavity to cause tooth decay. Additionally, the cravings for the sugary food is increased which further aggravates the decay.
Conversely, Poor oral health can also have an impact on Pregnancy. It is in fact a vicious cycle whether oral health affects more of a pregnancy or vice-versa.
- Gum Diseases and Pregnancy Complications: Periodontal (gum) diseases have been associated with increased risk of pre-eclampsia and gestational diabetes. Maintaining oral health and minimizing gum diseases in this period helps to reduce pregnancy related complications.
- Preterm birth risk: Few studies have shown an association between poor maternal oral health and low birth weight as well as preterm Although more studies are needed to establish this fact.
Tips for maintaining good oral health during pregnancy:
- Regular Dental checkups: It is important to visit dentist regularly during pregnancy as the pregnancy gingivitis if arises can be taken care of at the earliest.
- Good Oral hygiene: Regular brushing and flossing of teeth should be of paramount importance. Fluoride mouth rinses should be introduced so as to minimize any decay due to morning sickness or vomitings.
- Drugs: Some anti-epileptic drugs such as phenetoin should be avoided as they can aggravate the gum problems. Drugs such as diazepam should be avoided as they may cause increased probability if cleft lip and cleft palate in developing babies.
- Diet: More of fibrous fruits and vegetables are beneficial. Dairy products like milk is also good source of calcium. Limit sugary, refined and processed food items.
- Keep hydrated: Drink plenty of water as it may wash out the sticky food particles. Dry mouth can cause increased risk of dental decay.
- Sugar free gums: Sugar free gums containing xylitol are anti-cariogenic and help to reduce dental decay.
As oral health has a considerable impact on general health. So you must visit your dentist regularly in pregnancy. Dr. Dilmohit Singh is there to guide you more. For further information, feel free to contact him.